Minimal Change Disease

Leading cause of nephrotic syndrome with microscopic glomerular injury.

What it is

Glomerular damage so subtle it requires electron microscopy, yet drives nephrotic syndrome in children.

Prevalence

10–50 cases per 100,000 children; 2–7 new cases per 100,000 kids each year.

Symptoms to watch

Sudden swelling of face, abdomen, hands, feet; foamy urine; weight gain; high blood pressure; high cholesterol; clot risk.

Treatment options

Corticosteroids first-line, ACE inhibitors, diuretics, sodium restriction, regular exercise, scheduled follow-ups.

Minimal Change Disease

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