Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
A sudden decline in kidney function — common in hospital settings.
What it is
A rapid loss of kidney function over hours to days, ranging from mild impairment to complete failure.
Prevalence
26% of hospitalized children, 30% of critically ill neonates and children, 30–50% after cardiac surgery, 34% on nephrotoxic medications.
Symptoms to watch
Reduced urine output, swelling, fatigue, shortness of breath, mood changes, high blood pressure, decreased appetite, confusion.
Treatment options
Optimized fluids, medication adjustments, dialysis support when needed, and intensive monitoring.
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